Lactic Acidosis
Lactic Acidosis can be a potentially fatal side effect from metformin. This condition occurs when the blood contains an excess of lactate. Low blood pH can also cause it. Lactic acidosis can be fatal in approximately 50% of cases. Metformin users with liver or kidney problems such as liver disease, cirrhosis or kidney failure have an increased risk. Patients taking metformin have an increased risk of congestive heart failure. Alcohol abusers are also at a greater risk of developing congestive heart failure.
The symptoms of lactic acidosis are abdominal pain, nausea and shortness breath. Patients may feel cold and blue hands and feet. There may also be muscle pain, fatigue, and weakness. Even though lactic acidosis can be rare, it is important that patients contact their doctor if any of these symptoms occur. Metformin discontinuation is the primary treatment. The patient may be admitted to the hospital to receive intravenous fluids, breathing support and other medical care.
